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1.
Cir. pediátr ; 28(2): 59-66, abr. 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-147173

RESUMO

Introducción. La Litotricia Extracorpórea por Ondas de Choque (LEOC) constituye el pilar fundamental de la urolitiasis infantil. En este trabajo pretendemos objetivar la tasa de fragmentación y expulsión de cálculos mediante LEOC. Material y Métodos. Revisión retrospectiva de procedimientos de LEOC pediátricos, analizando etiología, clínica, tasa de éxito, factores asociados al mismo y complicaciones. Análisis: SPSS 17.0. Resultados. Se revisaron 90 niños (edad: 8 meses-10 años -mediana 2,9 años) que habían presentado 122 litiasis y precisaron 162 procedimientos de LEOC entre 2003 y 2012. Mediana de seguimiento: 20 meses. Diámetro medio del cálculo: 12,2 mm (rango 4-25 mm). La clínica más habitual fue Infección del Tracto Urinario (ITU) (55,6%, 50 niños). El 3,3% de los cálculos se localizaron en vejiga, el 21,3% en uréteres y el 75,4% en riñón. Se realizó una media de 1,41 LEOC por episodio litiásico. Se consiguió fragmentación y expulsión en el 80,3% (98) de los cálculos. Esta tasa fue mayor en niños menores de 5 años (86,1% vs. 69,8%, p=0,03) y en cálculos asociados a prematuridad y estancia prolongada en UCI (100% vs. 78,4%, p=0,19); y peor en cálculos coraliformes (66% vs. 87,2%, p=0,021), y en los de cistina (30% vs. 84,8%, p< 0,001). Entre los 162 procedimientos, hubo 17 complicaciones (10,4%): (6 ITUs -3,7%-, y 5 ITUs asociadas a calle litiásica -3%-), todas relacionadas con cálculos grandes, coraliformes y/o de estruvita. Conclusión. Los mejores resultados en LEOC se objetivan en los pacientes de menor edad. La LEOC pediátrica es eficaz y segura


Introduction. Extracorporeal Shock Wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is the cornerstone of pediatric urolitiasis management. We evaluated its efficacy and complications in a series of children. Material and Methods. Children who were managed with ESWL between 2003 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. We studied etiology, clinical presentation, stonefree ratio and relevant complications. SPSS 17.0 software was used. Results.-90 children aged 0 to 10 years (median 2.9 years) were included in the study; that accounted for 122 stones and 162 ESWL sessions. Mean follow up was 20 months. Mean stone diameter was 12.2 mm. (range 4-25). Most prevalent clinical sign was urinary infection (55.6%, 50 patients). 75.4% of the lithiasis were found in renal pelvis or calices. A mean of 1.42 ESWL sessions per stone was performed. Stonefree status was reached in 80.3% (98) of the lithiasis. This rate was higher in patients below 5 years of age (86.1% vs., 69.8%, p=0.03), and worse in staghorn calculi (66% vs. 87.2%) and cystine ones (30% vs. 84.8%, p< 0.001). We observed 17 complications (10.4% among 162 sessions), 6 UTIs, 6 episodes of fever and 6 episodes of UTI associated with steinstrasse. Almost all complications were associated with bigger size, staghorn calculi and struvite. Discussion. Best results are found in younger patients and small calculi. ESWL is a safe and efficient procedure in pediatric patients


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Litotripsia/métodos , Nefrolitíase/cirurgia , Urolitíase/cirurgia , Ondas de Choque de Alta Energia/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Distribuição por Idade e Sexo
3.
Cir Pediatr ; 28(2): 59-66, 2015 Apr 15.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27775283

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Extracorporeal Shock Wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is the cornerstone of pediatric urolitiasis management. We evaluated its efficacy and complications in a series of children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Children who were managed with ESWL between 2003 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. We studied etiology, clinical presentation, stonefree ratio and relevant complications. SPSS 17.0 software was used. RESULTS: 90 children aged 0 to 10 years (median 2.9 years) were included in the study; that accounted for 122 stones and 162 ESWL sessions. Mean follow up was 20 months. Mean stone diameter was 12.2 mm. (range 4-25). Most prevalent clinical sign was urinary infection (55.6%, 50 patients). 75.4% of the lithiasis were found in renal pelvis or calices. A mean of 1.42 ESWL sessions per stone was performed. Stonefree status was reached in 80.3% (98) of the lithiasis. This rate was higher in patients below 5 years of age (86.1% vs., 69.8%, p=0.03), and worse in staghorn calculi (66% vs. 87.2%) and cystine ones (30% vs. 84.8%, p<0.001). We observed 17 complications (10.4% among 162 sessions), 6 UTIs, 6 episodes of fever and 6 episodes of UTI associated with steinstrasse. Almost all complications were associated with bigger size, staghorn calculi and struvite. DISCUSSION: Best results are found in younger patients and small calculi. ESWL is a safe and efficient procedure in pediatric patients.


INTRODUCCION: La Litotricia Extracorpórea por Ondas de Choque (LEOC) constituye el pilar fundamental de la urolitiasis infantil. En este trabajo pretendemos objetivar la tasa de fragmentación y expulsión de cálculos mediante LEOC. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Revisión retrospectiva de procedimientos de LEOC pediátricos, analizando etiología, clínica, tasa de éxito, factores asociados al mismo y complicaciones. Análisis: SPSS 17.0. RESULTADOS: Se revisaron 90 niños (edad: 8 meses-10 años -mediana 2,9 años) que habían presentado 122 litiasis y precisaron 162 procedimientos de LEOC entre 2003 y 2012. Mediana de seguimiento: 20 meses. Diámetro medio del cálculo: 12,2 mm (rango 4-25 mm). La clínica más habitual fue Infección del Tracto Urinario (ITU) (55,6%, 50 niños). El 3,3% de los cálculos se localizaron en vejiga, el 21,3% en uréteres y el 75,4% en riñón. Se realizó una media de 1,41 LEOC por episodio litiásico. Se consiguió fragmentación y expulsión en el 80,3% (98) de los cálculos. Esta tasa fue mayor en niños menores de 5 años (86,1% vs. 69,8%, p=0,03) y en cálculos asociados a prematuridad y estancia prolongada en UCI (100% vs. 78,4%, p=0,19); y peor en cálculos coraliformes (66% vs. 87,2%, p=0,021), y en los de cistina (30% vs. 84,8%, p<0,001). Entre los 162 procedimientos, hubo 17 complicaciones (10,4%): (6 ITUs ­3,7%­, y 5 ITUs asociadas a calle litiásica ­3%­), todas relacionadas con cálculos grandes, coraliformes y/o de estruvita. CONCLUSION: Los mejores resultados en LEOC se objetivan en los pacientes de menor edad. La LEOC pediátrica es eficaz y segura.

4.
Actas Urol Esp ; 32(9): 937-9; discussion 940, 2008 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19048682

RESUMO

Exstrophy of the urinary bladder is an uncommon congenital anormaly for wich cystectomy was recommended because of a high risk of developing carcinoma. We report a patient treated by cystectomy and ileal loop diversion, who, 34 years later, developed carcinoma of the ileal loop. It is the third report of a tumor developing in a ileal conduit constructed after cystectomy for bladder exstrophy.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Extrofia Vesical/cirurgia , Cistectomia , Neoplasias do Íleo , Íleo/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Derivação Urinária , Adenocarcinoma/etiologia , Adulto , Pré-Escolar , Seguimentos , Humanos , Neoplasias do Íleo/etiologia , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia
5.
Actas urol. esp ; 32(9): 937-940, oct. 2008. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67821

RESUMO

La extrofia vesical es una patología congénita poco frecuente. Hace años se recomendó la realización decistectomía profiláctica por el riesgo de desarrollar carcinoma en la vejiga extrófica. Presentamos un caso de extrofia vesical tratado con cistectomía y conducto ileal, desarrollando 34 años después, un adenocarcinoma tipo intestinal en el asa del conducto ileal. Éste es el tercer caso de tumor descrito en un conducto ileal construido después de la cistectomía por extrofia vesical (AU)


Exstrophy of the urinary bladder is an uncommon congenital anormaly for wich cystectomy was recommended because of a high risk of developing carcinoma. We report a patient treated by cystectomy and ileal loop diversion, who, 34 years later, developed carcinoma of the ileal loop. It is the third report of a tumor developing in a ileal conduit constructed after cystectomy for bladder exstrophy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Adenocarcinoma/complicações , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Derivação Urinária/métodos , Cistectomia/métodos , Extrofia Vesical/complicações , Extrofia Vesical/diagnóstico , Extrofia Vesical/cirurgia , Extrofia Vesical/genética , Constrição Patológica/complicações , Extrofia Vesical/epidemiologia , Extrofia Vesical/fisiopatologia , Extrofia Vesical , Pielonefrite/complicações , Estreitamento Uretral/cirurgia
6.
Actas Urol Esp ; 32(5): 567-70, 2008 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18605012

RESUMO

Specific management guides for suprarenal incidentalomas detected after birth do not exist for children, but due to the high proportion of malignant tumors, surgical resection is recommended. We present the case of a 7-year-old patient with a non-functioning left suprarenal incidentaloma. Surgical resection and subsequent anatomopathologic analysis of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of ganglioneuroma in process of maturation. Most ganglioneuromas are incidental and have a good prognosis due to their benign behaviour, even though malignant transformation has also been described, for which reason postoperative controls to detect local recurrence and occurrence of new foci are recommended.


Assuntos
Ganglioneuroma , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais , Criança , Feminino , Ganglioneuroma/diagnóstico , Ganglioneuroma/cirurgia , Humanos , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/cirurgia
8.
Actas urol. esp ; 32(5): 567-570, mayo 2008. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-64806

RESUMO

En la infancia, no existen guías específicas para el manejo de los incidentalomas suprarrenales detectados postnatalmente, pero dada la alta proporción de tumores malignos se recomienda su resección quirúrgica. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 7 años diagnosticada de un incidentaloma suprarrenal izquierdo no funcionante. La exéresis quirúrgica de dicha masa y el posterior estudio histopatológico confirmaron el diagnóstico de ganglioneuroma en proceso de maduración. La mayoría de ganglioneuromas son incidentales y presentan un buen pronóstico dado su comportamiento benigno, aunque está descrita la transformación maligna, recomendándose realizar controles postoperatorios para detectar las recidivas locales y la aparición de nuevos focos (AU)


Specific management guides for suprarenal incidentalomas detected after birth do not exist for children, but due to the high proportion of malignant tumors, surgical resection is recommended. We present the case of a 7-yearoldpatient with a non-functioning left suprarenal incidentaloma. Surgical resection and subsequent anatomopathologic analysis of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of ganglioneuroma in process of maturation. Most ganglioneuromas are incidental and have a good prognosis due to their benign behaviour, even though malignant transformation has also been described, for which reason postoperative controls to detect local recurrence and occurrence of new foci are recommended (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Ganglioneuroma/complicações , Ganglioneuroma/patologia , Ganglioneuroma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/complicações , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/patologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/patologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/complicações
9.
Arch Esp Urol ; 57(9): 995-1002, 2004 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15624398

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The management of varicocele in the adolescent continues to be under controversy. Due to its high prevalence some authors support treatment in selected cases only. However, histological changes secondary to its presence have been demonstrated. The objective of this article is to analyze the efficacy, safety, and side effects of spermatic vein ligature by Palomo's technique in adolescents, and to evaluate semen parameters on the long-term. STUDY POPULATION: adolescents with diagnosis of varicocele, grades II and III, confirmed by ultrasound who underwent surgery by the Palomo's technique. DATA ANALYSIS: In patients over the age of 18 willing to participate, semen parameters were studied in 1 or 2 samples depending on results of the first analysis. RESULTS: From 1990, 266 adolescents with the diagnosis of grade II and III varicocele with a mean age of 15 years underwent surgical ligature of the spermatic vein following the technique described by Palomo. Six patients (2.2%) have had varicocele persistence. As a main complication, 23 (8.6%) of them developed left hydrocele requiring surgery. We found no case of testicular atrophy. Twenty-nine patients were available for post operative semen analysis (= 19 years of age) obtaining the following mean values: semen volume: 3.8 cc; overall spermatozoid count: 127 x 10(6); spermatozoa concentration per cc: 37 x 10(6); mobility (grade II+III): 56.6%; morphologically normal spermatozoa: 17%. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical ligature of the spermatic vein by the Palomo's technique is fast, easy, effective, and has scarce side effects. Semen analysis parameters mainly show secondary subfertility or teratozoospermia. We believe that if there is a time for the treatment of asymptomatic varicocele that is puberty.


Assuntos
Varicocele/cirurgia , Adolescente , Seguimentos , Humanos , Ligadura , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
10.
Actas Urol Esp ; 28(2): 122-8, 2004 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15074060

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Overactive bladder (OB) is one of the no-neurogenic voiding dysfunctions whose prevalence has been precisely defined among the general population but not so among the paediatric population. Its clinical manifestations are various, and its association with other pathologies like enuresis, vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) and recurrent infections is particularly significant in children. OB is basically managed with anticholinergic drugs. The efficacy of oxybutynin chloride has been sufficiently proved; however its dosage and side effects, although scarce in children, usually cause treatment discontinuation. OBJECTIVES: Tolterodine has been successfully used as an alternative therapy of OB in adults, however its use has not been sufficiently evaluated in children. Our objective is to determine tolterodine's efficacy and tolerability in the paediatric population suffering from OB. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 72 children who were diagnosed no-neurogenic OB and who received no previous treatment. A concomitant urological pathology diagnostic protocol was applied to all cases, as well as a urodynamic test (UDT) and a neurological examination. Post-treatment UDT was performed to one group of patients. RESULTS: The mean age was 10.9 years and the children were assessed between 4 and 31 months after treatment initiation. Healing was proved through cistomanometry in 67% of the cases, there was improvement in 14% and 19% of the patients showed no changes in the UDT. Following the criteria of the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS) applied to those children with no post-treatment UDT, 51% were healed, 27% improved and 22% experienced no changes. None of the patients had to discontinue the treatment due to side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Tolterodine's tolerability and efficacy are good within the paediatric population, which turns it into an alternative to the traditional anticholinergics for the treatment of OB.


Assuntos
Compostos Benzidrílicos/uso terapêutico , Cresóis/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas Muscarínicos/uso terapêutico , Fenilpropanolamina , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tartarato de Tolterodina
11.
Actas urol. esp ; 28(2): 122-128, feb. 2004.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-33141

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La vejiga hiperactiva (VHA) se engloba dentro de las disfunciones miccionales no neurógenas, cuya prevalencia ha sido bien definida en la población general, no así en la edad pediátrica. Las manifestaciones clínicas son variadas y tiene especial importancia en los niños su asociación con otras patologías como la enuresis, el reflujo vésico-ureteral (RVU) y las infecciones de repetición. El tratamiento fundamental se realiza con fármacos anticolinérgicos. La eficacia del cloruro de oxibutinina ha sido suficientemente contrastada, sin embargo la dosificación y los efectos secundarios, aunque escasos en los niños, son motivo de interrupción del tratamiento. OBJETIVOS: Como alternativa para el tratamiento de la VHA se ha utilizado la tolterodina en adultos con eficacia, sin embargo su uso no ha sido suficientemente valorado en niños. Deseamos determinar la eficacia y tolerabilidad de dicho fármaco en la población infantil afecta de VHA.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de 72 niños diagnosticados de VHA no neurógena y vírgenes de tratamiento. En todos los casos se practicó un protocolo diagnóstico de patología urológica concomitante así como estudio urodinámico (EUD) y exploración neurológica. En un grupo de estos pacientes se realizó EUD post-tratamiento. RESULTADOS: La edad media fue de 10,9 años y fueron evaluados entre 4 y 31 meses tras iniciar el tratamiento. Hubo curación demostrada con cistomanometría en el 67 por ciento de los casos, 14 por ciento mejoraron y un 19 por ciento no presentó variación en el EUD. Según los criterios del International Children´s Continence Society (ICCS) aplicados a los niños sin EUD post-tratamiento, el 51 por ciento se curaron, un 27 por ciento mejoró y finalmente un 22 por ciento no tuvo mejoría. Ningún paciente tuvo que suspender el tratamiento por efectos secundarios. CONCLUSIONES: La tolerancia y efectividad de la tolterodina es buena en la población pediátrica y constituye una alternativa a los clásicos anticolinérgicos en el tratamiento de la VHA (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fenilpropanolamina , Fenilpropanolamina , Estudos Retrospectivos , Compostos Benzidrílicos , Cresóis , Antagonistas Muscarínicos , Compostos Benzidrílicos , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária
12.
Rev Esp Med Nucl ; 21(4): 269-74, 2002 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12206739

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the role of isotopic studies in the diagnosis and follow-up of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and to present the results of our current protocol. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty three patients with VUR were retrospectively studied with a mean follow-up of 43 years (1-11 years). VUR was diagnosed by voiding cystourethrography and followed-up by direct radionuclide cystography. During the follow-up all patients were studied by means of renal DMSA scintigraphy (21 were also studied during the acute phase of febrile urinary tract infection). RESULTS: Eighty three renal units were examined. Voiding cystourethrography was positive for VUR in 49 renal units (59%; 8 grade I, 18 grade II, 15 grade III, and 8 grade IV). During the follow-up, direct radionuclide cystography showed decrease or disappearance of VUR in 29 renal units (35%; 4 grade I, 16 grade II, 7 grade III, and 2 grade IV). DMSA studies performed during the follow-up showed cortical lesions in 17 renal units (5 with VUR grade II, 7 with grade III, and 5 grade IV). Nine of 21 patients examined by DMSA during the acute phase of febrile urinary tract infection showed cortical damage (43%), and 6 of them (67%) progressed to cortical lesion in the follow-up DMSA. CONCLUSIONS: The present protocol allows for the correct diagnosis and control of VUR, the early detection of acute renal damage, and the control of its evolution.


Assuntos
Ácido Dimercaptossuccínico Tecnécio Tc 99m/uso terapêutico , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença Aguda , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Córtex Renal/diagnóstico por imagem , Córtex Renal/patologia , Masculino , Radiografia , Cintilografia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Uretra/diagnóstico por imagem , Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções Urinárias/complicações , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico por imagem
13.
Rev. esp. med. nucl. (Ed. impr.) ; 21(4): 269-274, jul. 2002.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-17438

RESUMO

Objetivo: Valorar la utilidad de la cistografía isotópica directa (CID) y de la gammagrafía renal con ácido dimercaptosuccínico (DMSA) en el diagnóstico y seguimiento del RVU, según los resultados obtenidos a partir del protocolo actual de nuestro centro. Material y Métodos: Se han estudiado retrospectivamente 43 pacientes diagnosticados de RVU con un período de seguimiento medio de 4 ñ 3 años (1-11 años). El diagnóstico de RVU se realizó mediante cistografía radiológica (CUMS) y el seguimiento mediante CUMS y/o CID. Durante el seguimiento se realizó gammagrafía renal con DMSA a todos los pacientes. Veintiún pacientes también fueron estudiados con DMSA durante la fase aguda de la infección urinaria febril. Resultados: Se exploraron 83 unidades renales. En el momento del diagnóstico la CUMS fue positiva para RVU en 49 unidades renales (59 per cent; 8 grado I, 18 grado II, 15 grado III y 8 grado IV). Durante el seguimiento por CID se observó disminución o desaparición del RVU en 29 unidades renales (35 per cent; 4 grado I, 16 grado II, 7 grado III y 2 grado IV). Durante el seguimiento el DMSA mostró lesiones corticales en 17 unidades renales (5 con RVU grado II, 7 grado III y 5 grado IV). Nueve de los 21 pacientes estudiados con DMSA durante la fase aguda de la infección urinaria febril presentaron afectación cortical (43 per cent), de los cuales 6 evolucionaron a lesión cortical en el DMSA de control (67 per cent). Conclusiones: El protocolo descrito permite diagnosticar y controlar el RVU, identificar precozmente la afectación renal y controlar su evolución (AU)


Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Masculino , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Infecções Urinárias , Uretra , Refluxo Vesicoureteral , Estudos Retrospectivos , Doença Aguda , Córtex Renal , Febre , Seguimentos , Ácido Dimercaptossuccínico Tecnécio Tc 99m , Bexiga Urinária
14.
Arch Esp Urol ; 49(6): 557-9, 1996.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8929097

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Crossed renal ectopia is an uncommon congenital anomaly with little or no clinical repercussion. An empty renal fossa is not an infrequent ultrasound finding and an anomalous contralateral ectopic kidney can be seen occasionally. METHODS/RESULTS: We report on three clinical cases with an empty renal fossa detected by ultrasound. Scintiscanning with 99mTc DMSA permitted precise diagnosis of the existing malformation. CONCLUSIONS: 99mTc DMSA permits precise diagnosis of the empty renal fossa, type of malformation, functional status of the ectopic kidney and the status of its parenchyma.


Assuntos
Rim/anormalidades , Criança , Humanos , Lactente , Rim/diagnóstico por imagem , Rim/embriologia , Masculino , Compostos de Organotecnécio , Cintilografia , Succímero , Ácido Dimercaptossuccínico Tecnécio Tc 99m
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